Cytokine dysregulation in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, uterine fibroids and their combined forms

Endometriosis and uterine fibroids are hormone-dependent gynecological disorders whose pathogenesis is closely associated with chronic inflammation and impaired immune regulation. Aim — to determine the pattern of changes in the serum cytokine profile in women with endometriosis, intramural uterine fibroids, and their combination. Materials and methods. The study included 88 women of reproductive age divided into four groups. Serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. A cytokine imbalance was identified in patients with endometriosis and uterine fibroids, characterized by decreased IL-2 levels and increased pro-inflammatory mediators. The most pronounced alterations were observed in the combined pathology, with maximal elevations of IL-6 and IL-8 accompanied by a marked reduction in IL-2 and IL-10. Conclusion. The findings indicate a leading role of immunoinflammatory dysregulation in the pathogenesis of these conditions and highlight the clinical and pathogenetic relevance of assessing the serum cytokine profile.

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