Intranasal Electrophoresis as a Method of Treatment and Rehabilitation of Patients

Standard drug electrophoresis, unlike intranasal electrophoresis, has a number of significant limitations. The aim of this study was to analyze domestic and foreign scientific experience in the use of intranasal electrophoresis in treatment and rehabilitation. The study material comprised publications presented in the English-language PubMed database, the Russian-language scientific electronic library eLibrary.Ru (RSCI), and other Internet sources. The analysis included domestic and foreign scientific studies and review articles from 1950 to the present. Articles were searched using the key phrases “эндоназальный электрофорез” (endonasal electrophoresis) and “интраназальный электрофорез” (intranasal electrophoresis). The search identified 103 sources, which were analyzed and structured. The areas of application of intranasal electrophoresis described in the analyzed publications are grouped into six groups: 1) diseases of the circulatory system (myocardial infarction, essential hypertension); 2) diseases of the respiratory system, including diseases of the ENT organs (tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, polyposis of the nose and paranasal sinuses, rhinopathy, rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, septal perforation, post-COVID-19 anosmia); 3) eye diseases (keratitis, neuritis, neuropathy and atrophy of the optic nerve, injuries of the adnexa of the eye, glaucoma, cataract, ocular tuberculosis, ophthalmopathies of various origins, age-related macular degeneration, uveitis); 4) diseases of the nervous system (consequences of traumatic brain injuries, autonomic dysfunction, consequences of stroke, tension headache, chronic fatigue syndrome, psychiatric disorders); 5) skin diseases (lichen planus, rosacea, perioral dermatitis); 6) other areas of application of intranasal electrophoresis (threatened preterm labor, rheographic studies, hypothalamic-autonomic-visceral syndrome, chromium intoxication, gastric and duodenal ulcer disease). In the analyzed publications, intranasal electrophoresis is most widely described as a method of treatment and rehabilitation for diseases of the respiratory system and diseases of the ear, nose, and throat, eye diseases, and diseases of the nervous system. In most publications, intranasal electrophoresis was considered not as the main and only treatment method, but as a component of complex therapy, as well as a method of drug administration.

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