Bolalarda anemiya sindromi: klinik semiotika va laborator ko‘rsatkichlarning diagnostik ahamiyati
Litsenziya: cc-by
Annotatsiya
This article examines the clinical semiology of anemia syndrome in children and the diagnostic significance of laboratory parameters. Anemia is a common clinical and laboratory syndrome in pediatric practice, with iron deficiency, blood loss, chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases, erythrocyte hemolysis, hereditary hemoglobinopathies, and other factors contributing to its development. The article discusses the assessment of hemoglobin concentration according to the child's age and clinical condition, the diagnostic utility of red blood cell indices obtained from a complete blood count, and the use of iron metabolism markers. Hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and red cell distribution width (RDW) are important for determining the morphological characteristics of anemia, while the reticulocyte count provides information about bone marrow erythropoietic activity. Serum ferritin is one of the principal markers used to identify iron deficiency. However, because ferritin levels may increase in the presence of inflammation, the results should be interpreted in conjunction with the clinical presentation and inflammatory markers. Contemporary diagnostic approaches emphasize that anemia should be regarded not merely as a reduction in hemoglobin concentration but as a multifactorial syndrome requiring identification of its underlying etiological factors and pathogenetic mechanisms.