DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW SEEDER FOR RESTORING DESERT AND SEMI-DESERT AREAS IN UZBEKISTAN

This study developed and evaluated a specialized seeder for restoring degraded desert and semi-desert pastures in Uzbekistan through mechanized sowing of native drought-resistant plants. Saxaul (Haloxylon spp.), cherkez (Salsola spp.), and izen (Kochia prostrata) were selected because of their adaptation to arid conditions and their potential to stabilize sandy soils and improve pasture productivity. Laboratory and field investigations assessed seed quality, seed-flow behavior, and the operational performance of an experimental seeder equipped with cone-shaped seed-mixture loosening elements. Seed purity ranged from 20% to 25%, and germination capacity ranged from 40% to 45%. Experimental results showed that increasing the operating parameter of the cone-shaped working element increased the quantity of sown seeds while maintaining a relatively low number of wingless seeds. The loosening mechanism reduced seed bridging and clogging, supported continuous seed flow, and improved the uniformity and stability of seed distribution compared with manual sowing. Field trials conducted in 2025 confirmed the practical suitability of the seeder for sandy and degraded pasture soils. The developed technology offers a technically effective approach for pasture restoration, soil stabilization, and improved establishment of desert forage vegetation.

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