ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВЕГЕТАТИВНОЙ РЕГУЛЯЦИИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ПЕРВИЧНОЙ ОТКРЫТОУГОЛЬНОЙ ГЛАУКОМОЙ

Relevance. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease in which, along with elevated intraocular pressure, vascular disorders and autonomic nervous system dysfunction play a significant role in pathogenesis. Purpose of study. To assess the functional state of the autonomic nervous system in patients with POAG based on heart rate variability analysis and cardiovascular autonomic function tests. Materials and methods. The study included 45 patients with POAG and 45 apparently healthy age- and sex-matched individuals. All participants underwent standard ophthalmological examination, heart rate variability assessment, Valsalva maneuver, orthostatic test, and cold pressor test followed by evaluation of autonomic tone using the Kerdo index. Results. Patients with POAG demonstrated a statistically significant increase in resting heart rate, elevated Kerdo index values, and predominance of sympathetic activity. At the same time, a decrease in overall heart rate variability, Valsalva ratio, and 30:15 ratio was observed, indicating suppression of parasympathetic activity. During the cold pressor test, increased reactivity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system was recorded. Conclusion. Patients with POAG exhibit pronounced autonomic regulatory disturbances characterized by predominance of sympathetic influences and reduced parasympathetic activity.

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