Numerical and parametric sensitivity analysis of viscoelastic tri-hybrid nanofluid flow over a riga porous wedge with volumetric dissipation and streamline analysis

Maxwell tri-hybrid nanofluid flow through a vertical Riga porous wedge with consideration of Darcy-Forchheimer drag, multiple boundary slip conditions, viscous dissipation and nonlinear thermal convection. The novel tri-hybrid matrix is developed by dispersing a ternary array of high-grade aluminum alloys (Ti 6 Al 4 V, AA7072 and AA7075) in engine oil (EO). A modified Falkner-Skan similarity reduction technique is used to convert the governing PDEs into a coupled non-dimensional ODE system. This boundary layer problem is numerically solved by carrying out Parametric Continuation Method (PCM) in MATLAB. For absolute credibility, a complete mesh-sensitivity as well as grid-independence analysis is performed, and it is verified that a uniform mesh with N = 1000 points results in unconditional stability, with momentum and thermal residual errors decaying strictly down to 10 −9 . The numerical algorithm used is fully validated with classical reference problems taken from literature, and is validated quantitatively perfectly. In addition, a systematic Response sensitivity matrix separates direct sensitivity gradients for surface drag and heat transfer rates. The results show that the skin friction of the modified Hartmann numbers 1.0 to 7.0 increases by up to 14.3663% and 25.4328% in the hybrid and tri-hybrid system, respectively, while the local Nusselt number increases by up to 41.3652% and 90.3611% in the hybrid system and the tri-hybrid system, respectively. The Deborah number is thoroughly discussed in a rheological analysis, which clearly demonstrates the existence of a retarding elastic internal field and of an increasing internal thermal dissipation field, both caused by the fluid relaxation time scale and appropriate to the momentum layer thinning. Last but not least, a two-dimensional streamline contour optimization is conducted to show an extreme trapping and crowding of the flow close to the solid surface with high intensity of parallel electromagnetic Lorentz forces for the high efficiency of the Riga wedge mechanism for active flow control.

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