ENHANCING THE WATER-HOLDING CAPACITY OF SALINE SOILS AS A MECHANISM FOR ACHIEVING HIGH YIELD AND TECHNOLOGICAL GRAIN QUALITY OF SORGHUM UNDER IRRIGATION WATER DEFICIT

The article presents the results of research evaluating the effectiveness of joint application of ameliorants (phosphogypsum and phosphorite flour) on medium saline soils of the Aral Sea region during sorghum cultivation. It was established that the application of ameliorants at a dose of 200 kg/ha against the background of mineral nutrition significantly improves the hydro-physical properties of the soil, increasing pre-irrigation moisture in the 0–50 cm layer from 16.2 to 22.3%. Optimization of the water regime promotes active morphogenesis and high-quality grain filling: panicle grain number increases up to 3698 grains, and 1000-grain weight reaches 36.5 g (high seed size). The application of this complex ensures maximum sorghum productivity—grain weight per panicle reaches 88.9 g (+35.1% compared to the control) with the highest overall technological score of 4.8 points. The developed practice is recommended as an effective element of resource-saving technology under conditions of irrigation water deficit..

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