EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SUTURE MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES ON GASTRIC WALL TISSUE HEALING IN GASTROTOMY SURGERY IN DOGS

Trematode infections of small ruminants cause substantial production losses in Uzbekistan, and their control depends on a narrow set of flukicides against which resistance is increasingly reported. Oleo-gum-resins of the genus Ferula L. have demonstrated in vitro activity against liver and rumen flukes, but the published evidence concerns Ferula assa-foetida L. almost exclusively. Ferula kuhistanica Korovin, abundant in the foothills of southern Uzbekistan, has not been evaluated, and no documented procedure exists for obtaining its oleo-gum-resin as a defined veterinary raw material. This study documents a field-to-laboratory protocol for tapping F. kuhistanica oleo-gum-resin and converting it into a dried powder. Natural stands were surveyed in Dehqonobod District, Qashqadaryo Region. Latex was obtained by serial excision of the upper root crown, with the cut surface shielded from direct sunlight by cardboard and cellophane; exudate was harvested at 4- to 5-day intervals and the surface thinly re-trimmed to restore flow. Collected resin was shade-dried under gauze, milled to a powder, and stored in opaque containers under refrigeration. Ferula kuhistanica was the predominant Ferula species at the site. Tapping was practicable from early July to the first half of October and could be repeated up to 20 to 25 times per plant, depending on root size. The dried product milled to a free-flowing, whitish powder with a faint garlic-like odor considerably less intense than that of F. assa-foetida resin. The protocol yields a reproducible raw material from a locally abundant species and is transferable to other foothill districts of southern Uzbekistan. Anthelmintic efficacy was not assessed in this work; an evaluation protocol is set out in Appendix A.

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