Clinical and laboratory rationale for lymphotropic decongestant therapy in the comprehensive treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury and stroke

Background. This study aimed to assess the effect of lymphotropic decongestant therapy on neurological recovery and inflammatory responses in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) or haemorrhagic stroke. Materials and methods. Seventy-five patients were involved in the study (38 with TBI and 37 with stroke), of whom 42 were assigned to the control group and 33 to the intervention group. Over a 10-day period, neurological status was assessed using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS); inflammatory activity was monitored via the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR); and cerebral oedema was evaluated using serial multislice computed tomography. Patients in the intervention group received standard intensive care treatment supplemented with submastoid lymphotropic injections containing dexamethasone, lidocaine, and glucose. Results. Among patients with TBI, the intervention produced a 44.0 % increase in GCS score (9.1 to 13.1, p = 0.001), compared to 10.9 % in controls. The NLR decreased by 35.4 % (4.8 to 3.1, p < 0.001). In stroke patients, GCS improved by 44.0 % (9.1 to 13.1, p = 0.003), compared to 37.8 % in controls, while NLR decreased by 28.6 % (3.5 to 2.5, p = 0.002). Lymphocyte count increased by 66.7 % in TBI and 56.3 % in stroke patients receiving the intervention. Conclusions. Radiological assessment showed faster restoration of cerebral sulci, ventricular decompression, and reopening of basal cisterns by day 5. By day 10, near-complete recovery was observed, with midline shift reduced from 8–10 to 2–3 mm. These findings suggest that lymphotropic decongestant therapy may help optimise neuro-intensive care protocols and improve neurological recovery in patients with severe TBI and stroke.

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