RECONSTRUCTING OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS IN ROAD PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION: AN INTEGRATIVE SYSTEM-BASED APPROACH TO CONSUMER PROTECTION AND TRANSPORT SAFETY

Road public transportation plays a vital role in supporting mobility and economic activities, particularly in developing countries. However, the high rate of traffic accidents involving public transport indicates significant challenges in ensuring transportation safety. This study aims to reconstruct occupational safety and health (OSH) regulations in road public transportation services based on consumer protection to achieve national transportation safety and security. The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach using the PRISMA framework, analyzing 141 international journal articles indexed in Scopus published between 2016 and 2025 . Bibliometric analysis using R Studio and VOSviewer is applied to identify research trends, thematic clusters, and knowledge structures in the field. The findings reveal that existing literature remains fragmented, with limited integration between OSH and consumer protection perspectives. Most studies emphasize human factors, accident prevention, and transportation systems, while overlooking the systemic relationship between driver working conditions and passenger safety. This study identifies critical gaps and proposes an integrative regulatory reconstruction model that combines OSH, consumer protection, and system-based safety approaches. The model emphasizes risk-based regulation, institutional integration, and evidence-based policy to enhance transportation safety. This research contributes theoretically by developing an integrative framework bridging worker safety and consumer rights, methodologically by applying SLR and bibliometric analysis in regulatory studies, and practically by offering policy recommendations for improving national transportation systems. The study concludes that a holistic, system-based regulatory approach is essential to achieving sustainable and safe transportation systems.

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