Correlation among Morpho-agronomic Traits, Yield Components, and Biochemical Parameters in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes

The objective of this study was to evaluate agronomic traits, yield components, seed biochemical characteristics, and their relationships in local and exotic sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes under field conditions in Uzbekistan. Thirteen genotypes were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Dormon Experimental Station in 2025. Protein, oil content, and fatty acid composition were determined using the Kjeldahl method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. Statistical analyses, including analysis of variance and Pearson’s correlation, were performed using SPSS version 26.0. Considerable variation was observed among genotypes. Protein content ranged from 18.23 to 19.45%, while oil content varied from 44.11 to 50.44%. Oleic acid content ranged from 4.7 to 77.75%, indicating substantial diversity. Positive correlations were observed between thousand-seed weight and capsule length (r = 0.79) and between number of capsules per plant and seed weight per plant (r = 0.89). These results identified NC 8756, NC 8998, NC 9050, and NC 9100 as promising genetic resources for future sesame breeding programs.

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