PREVENTIVE DETECTION OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS IN PREMATURE NEWBORNS: CLINICAL-DIAGNOSTIC AND EVALUATION CRITERIA

Premature birth remains one of the leading problems of modern perinatology, accounting for 5-18% of all births in various countries of the world. Premature newborns represent a high risk group for neurological disorders, the frequency of which is inversely proportional to gestational age and birth weight. The immaturity of the central nervous system in premature infants causes their increased vulnerability to various pathological influences during the perinatal period. Hypoxic-ischemic brain lesions, intraventricular hemorrhages, periventricular leukomalacia, infectious complications, and metabolic disorders can lead to the formation of persistent neurological deficits, including cerebral palsy, epilepsy, visual and auditory impairments, and cognitive impairments.

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