Ethics of Automated Online Proctoring Balancing Academic Control with Students’ Right to Privacy

Automated online proctoring has become common across universities, including those in Uzbekistan, creating tension between academic integrity and student privacy. Institutions collect biometric, audio, and behavioral data during exams, often without clear legal boundaries or safeguards. This research examines whether Uzbekistan’s Law on Personal Data adequately regulates such surveillance and proposes measures balancing institutional control with student rights. The study aims to identify privacy risks, evaluate legal adequacy, and recommend targeted reform for biometric exam data specifically. It uses qualitative doctrinal analysis, examining statutory text, legislative amendments, and scholarly literature through systematic document analysis. Results reveal persistent gaps: biometric vulnerability, algorithmic opacity, and unaddressed regulatory silence within current legislation. The study recommends a legislative amendment requiring mandatory impact assessment and separate informed consent before biometric proctoring deployment. Implementing this reform would strengthen legal protection, align Uzbekistan with international standards, and extend responsible governance into an under-regulated area of educational technology.

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