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MgFe₂O₄-Supported Palladium Complex: A Highly Efficient, Recyclable Catalyst for C-C Coupling Reactions

Bayan Abdel MajeedFaculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, JordanMagdi E. A. ZakiDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi ArabiaZafar RakhmanovSchool of Exact Sciences, National Pedagogical University of Uzbekistan named after Nizami, Tashkent, UzbekistanAhmed AldulaimiFaculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University, Karbala, IraqSara abdalkahar sleemanDepartment of Chemistry, College of Education, Alnoor University, Mosul, IraqRasul UsmanovDepartment of Chemistry, Urgench State University, Urgench, UzbekistanKamal Kishore ThakurDepartment of Chemistry, University Institute of Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, IndiaSobhi M. GomhaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, 42351, Saudi Arabia

2026en

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Litsenziya: cc-by-nc-nd

ABI

Annotatsiya

In this study, an A/HN-Pd complex was effectively immobilized onto MgFe₂O₄ magnetic nanoparticles through a straightforward and cost-effective synthesis method. The physicochemical properties of the resulting heterogeneous catalyst were thoroughly characterized using TGA, SEM, XRD, EDS, ICP-OES, VSM, and FT-IR. The catalyst, featuring an average particle size of 80 nm and a saturation magnetization of 55 emu/g, exhibited remarkable catalytic performance in C–C cross-coupling reactions. Under optimized conditions, the catalyst achieved high isolated yields of up to 98% within 15 min. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrated exceptional stability and recyclability, maintaining catalytic efficiency above 95% across six consecutive reaction cycles. Crucially, ICP-OES analysis of the catalyst after six recycling runs revealed excellent structural stability, with the palladium content decreasing only slightly from 1.2×10 −3 mol⋅g −1 to 1.1×10 −3 mol⋅g −1 . This corresponds to a retention of approximately 92% of the active palladium species, confirming that the strong metal-support interactions (MSI) effectively anchor the active species and minimize leaching during sustainable organic synthesis.

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DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2026.116527

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