СИСТЕМНОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ И АЛГОРИТМИЗАЦИЯ АВТОМАТИЧЕСКОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ВОДОРАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕМ В ИРРИГАЦИОННОМ КАНАЛЕ

This article investigates mathematical modeling and algorithm development for automatic water distribution control in an irrigation canal considered as a complex dynamic system. The main objective of the study is to develop a systematic approach aimed at ensuring stable water level regulation, improving water resource utilization efficiency, and enhancing the accuracy and reliability of control processes. An integrated approach is proposed that combines a mathematical model of the hydraulic system, numerical computational methods, a multi-sensor measurement system, automatic control algorithms, and performance evaluation criteria. Water flow dynamics in the irrigation canal are described by a system of differential equations governing unsteady fluid motion. The finite difference method is employed for the numerical solution of the mathematical model, while the Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy (CFL) condition is considered to ensure the stability of the computational process. Automatic water level regulation is performed based on the control error determined using measurements obtained from two observation points. Furthermore, a formal model based on a Petri net is developed to represent the sequence of measurement, error calculation, control action generation, admissibility verification, and command execution. The study analyzes transient processes caused by a reduction in water discharge and demonstrates that the use of two measurement points reduces the maximum control error compared with a single-sensor control system. The proposed mathematical model and control algorithms have practical significance for automating water distribution in irrigation canals and developing software-based algorithmic control systems for water management facilities.

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