Geographical Analysis of Socio-Economic Factors Influencing the Employment of the Population of Southwestern Uzbekistan

A number of reforms are being implemented to create new jobs, make effective use of existing labor resources, take into account regional characteristics in increasing employment, and increase the level of employment of the population, and certain results are being achieved in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In this regard, among other things, the territorial features of the formation of population employment in south-western Uzbekistan, which has a high demographic potential, and the research aimed at solving territorial problems of geographical, socio-demographic factors affecting them are of great importance. In this article, the multi-factor econometric model, multiple regression analysis and Pearson correlation method was used with the help of 18 selected indicators, and based on these results, structural reforms are being suggested to cope up with the labour and employment problem in Southwest Uzbekistan. The analysis shows that among other factors, which underscores the importance of region-specific policies, employment growth is closely linked to industrial output, agricultural production, and gross regional product (GRP), necessitating targeted interventions to enhance these sectors. Furthermore, capital investment efficiency and infrastructure development play a crucial role in job creation, reinforcing the need for long-term economic planning to sustain employment stability. With integration of demographic, economic, and sectoral perspectives, the econometric model provides a comprehensive understanding of labour market dynamics, enabling policymakers to design adaptive employment strategies.

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