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<i>FERMI</i> <i>GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE</i> OBSERVATIONS OF THE GAMMA-RAY OUTBURST FROM 3C454.3 IN NOVEMBER 2010

A. A. AbdoNational Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and MedicineM. AckermannStanford UniversityM. AjelloW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAA. AllafortStanford UniversityL. BaldiniIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyJ. BalletLaboratoire AIM, CEA-IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Service d’Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, FranceGuido BarbielliniDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, ItalyD. BastieriIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, ItalyR. BellazziniIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyB. BerenjiStanford UniversityR. D. BlandfordW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAE. D. BloomW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAE. BonamenteIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, ItalyA. W. BorglandKavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and CosmologyA. BouvierSanta Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USAJ. BregeonIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyM. BrigidaDipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyP. BruelLaboratoire Leprince-RinguetR. BuehlerW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAS. BusonIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, ItalyG. A. CaliandroInstitut de Ciencies de l’Espai (IEEC-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, SpainR. A. CameronKavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and CosmologyP. A. CaraveoINAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, I-20133 Milano, ItalyJ. M. CasandjianInstitut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'UniversE. CavazzutiAgenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), ItalyC. CecchiDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, ItalyE. CharlesW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAA. ChekhtmanC. C. CheungNational Research Council Research Associate, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC 20001, USAJ. ChiangStanford UniversityS. CipriniDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, ItalyR. ClausStanford UniversityJ. M. ConradDepartment of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenS. CutiniAgenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), ItalyF. D’AmmandoA. De AngelisDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, ItalyF. de PalmaDipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyC. D. DermerSpace Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; [email protected]S. W. DigelW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAE. do Couto e SilvaStanford UniversityP. S. DrellW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAR. DuboisW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAD. DumoraCentre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, Université Bordeaux 1, CNRS/IN2p3, 33175 Gradignan, FranceL. EscandeCNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, Gradignan 33175, FranceC. FavuzziIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari, ItalyS. FeganÉcole PolytechniqueE. C. FerraraNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAP. FortinÉcole PolytechniqueY. FukazawaDepartment of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, JapanP. FuscoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari, ItalyF. GarganoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari, ItalyD. GasparriniAgenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), ItalyN. GehrelsNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAS. GermaniDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, ItalyN. GigliettoDipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyP. GiommiAgenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), ItalyF. GiordanoDipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyM. GirolettiINAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, 40129 Bologna, ItalyT. GlanzmanStanford UniversityG. GodfreyW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAI. A. GrenierCommissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies AlternativesJ. E. GroveSpace Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; [email protected]S. GuiriecCenter for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research (CSPAR), University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USAD. HadaschInstitut de Ciencies de l’Espai (IEEC-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, SpainM. HayashidaStanford UniversityE. HaysNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAD. HoranLaboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, FranceR. ItohDepartment of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, JapanG. JóhannessonScience Institute, University of Iceland, IS-107 Reykjavik, IcelandA. S. JohnsonW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAT. KamaeStanford UniversityH. KatagiriDepartment of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, JapanJ. KataokaResearch Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1, Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, JapanJ. KnödlsederUniversité de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, FranceM. KussIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyJ. LandéKavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and CosmologyS. LarssonDepartment of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenL. LatronicoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyS.-H. LeeStanford UniversityF. LongoDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, ItalyF. LoparcoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari, ItalyB. LottCentre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, Université Bordeaux 1, CNRS/IN2p3, 33175 Gradignan, FranceM. N. LovelletteSpace Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; [email protected]P. LubranoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, ItalyG. M. MadejskiW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAA. MakeevCenter of Earth Observation and Space Research, College of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USAM. N. MazziottaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari, ItalyW. McConvilleDepartment of Physics and Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USAJ. E. McEneryDepartment of Physics and Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USAP. F. MichelsonKavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and CosmologyW. MitthumsiriKavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and CosmologyTsunefumi MizunoDepartment of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, JapanA. A. MoiseevCenter for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology (CRESST) and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAC. MonteDipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyM. E. MonzaniW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAA. MorselliIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma “Tor Vergata,” I-00133 Roma, ItalyI. V. MoskalenkoW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAS. MurgiaW. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAM. Naumann-GodóLaboratoire AIM, CEA-IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Service d’Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, FranceS. NishinoDepartment of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan

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Annotatsiya

The flat-spectrum radio quasar 3C454.3 underwent an extraordinary 5 day γ-ray outburst in 2010 November when the daily flux measured with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) at photon energies E > 100 MeV reached (66 ± 2) × 10–6 photons cm–2 s–1. This is a factor of three higher than its previous maximum flux recorded in 2009 December and gsim 5 times brighter than the Vela pulsar, which is normally the brightest source in the γ-ray sky. The 3 hr peak flux was (85 ± 5)×10–6 photons cm–2 s–1, corresponding to an apparent isotropic luminosity of (2.1 ± 0.2)×1050 erg s–1, the highest ever recorded for a blazar. In this Letter, we investigate the features of this exceptional event in the γ-ray band of the Fermi-LAT. In contrast to previous flares of the same source observed with the Fermi-LAT, clear spectral changes are observed during the flare.

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DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/733/2/l26

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