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Improved Oxygen Reduction Activity on Pt <sub>3</sub> Ni(111) via Increased Surface Site Availability

Vojislav R. StamenkovićDepartment of Chemistry and Physics, University of South Carolina, Aiken, SC 29801, USABen FowlerOliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UKBongjin Simon MunDepartment of Chemistry and Physics, University of South Carolina, Aiken, SC 29801, USAGuofeng WangUniversity of California, BerkeleyPhilip N. RossDepartment of Chemistry and Physics, University of South Carolina, Aiken, SC 29801, USAC. A. LucasMaterials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USANenad M. MarkovićMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

2007en

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Annotatsiya

The slow rate of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is the main limitation for automotive applications. We demonstrated that the Pt3Ni(111) surface is 10-fold more active for the ORR than the corresponding Pt(111) surface and 90-fold more active than the current state-of-the-art Pt/C catalysts for PEMFC. The Pt3Ni(111) surface has an unusual electronic structure (d-band center position) and arrangement of surface atoms in the near-surface region. Under operating conditions relevant to fuel cells, its near-surface layer exhibits a highly structured compositional oscillation in the outermost and third layers, which are Pt-rich, and in the second atomic layer, which is Ni-rich. The weak interaction between the Pt surface atoms and nonreactive oxygenated species increases the number of active sites for O2 adsorption.

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DOI: 10.1126/science.1135941

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