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A Highly Magnetic Ultra Massive White Dwarf with a 23-minute Rotation Period

Jincheng GuoDepartment of Scientific Research , Beijing Planetarium , Xizhimenwai Road , Beijing 100044 , ChinaXiaofeng WangPhysics Department , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , ChinaQichun LiuPhysics Department , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , ChinaA. V. FilippenkoDepartment of Astronomy , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720-3411 , USAThomas G. BrinkDepartment of Astronomy , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720-3411 , USAJingkun ZhaoKey Laboratory of Optical Astronomy , National Astronomical Observatories , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , ChinaWeiKang ZhangDepartment of Astronomy , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720-3411 , USAYi YangPhysics Department , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , ChinaJie LinCAS Key laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology , Department of Astronomy , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , 230026 , ChinaHaowei PengPhysics Department , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , ChinaHailiang ChenYunnan ObservatoriesD. O. MirzaqulovUlugh Beg Astronomical Institute , Astronomy Street 33 , Tashkent 100052 , UzbekistanSh. A. EhgamberdievUlugh Beg Astronomical Institute , Astronomy Street 33 , Tashkent 100052 , UzbekistanBin MaCSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area , Zhuhai 519082 , ChinaJun MoPhysics Department , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , ChinaCheng LiuDepartment of Scientific research , Beijing Planetarium , Xizhimenwai Road , Beijing 100044 , ChinaGaobo XiPhysics Department , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , ChinaXiaojun JiangKey Laboratory of Optical Astronomy , National Astronomical Observatories , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , ChinaDanfeng XiangDepartment of Scientific research , Beijing Planetarium , Xizhimenwai Road , Beijing 100044 , ChinaJicheng ZhangSchool of Physics and Astronomy , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China

2026

ABI

Annotatsiya

We present a physical characterization of TMTS J00063798+3104160 (J0006), a rapidly rotating,ultra-massive white dwarf (WD) identified in high-cadence light curves from the Tsinghua University-Ma Huateng Telescope for Survey (TMTS). A coherent 23-minute periodicity is detected in TMTS, TESS, and ZTF photometry. A time series of low-resolution spectra with the Keck-I 10 m telescope reveals broad, shallow hydrogen absorption features indicative of an extreme magnetic field and shows no evidence for radial-velocity variations. Atmospheric modeling yields a magnetic field strength of $\sim$ 250 MG, while Gaia astrometry and photometry imply a mass of 1.06 $\pm$ 0.01 M$_{\odot}$. A significant infrared excess is detected in the WISE W1 band and is well fitted by a 550 K blackbody, likely arising from residual material of a merger. We interpret the 23-minute photometric modulation as the rotation period of an isolated, massive WD formed likely through the merger of a double WD binary. With one of the shortest rotation periods known among candidate merger remnants and with constraints from a deep Einstein Probe X-ray nondetection, J0006 provides a rare and important observational window into the poorly explored intermediate stages of post-merger evolution.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2601.10188

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