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Design of ALPHA Phase I: A Plasma Haloscope for 10--20 GHz Post-Inflation Axions

ALPHA CollaborationXiran BaiDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USARustam BalafendievScience Institute , University of Iceland , 107 Reykjavik , IcelandSean BarrettDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USAEunice BeatoDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USAPavel BelovNew Uzbekistan University , Tashkent , UzbekistanCharles BrownEduardo A. Castro MuñozDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USAJan ConradAlbaNovaMarcel DemarteauPhysics Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Tennessee 37831 , USAA. DrosterDepartment of Nuclear Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USAJoseph DuboisDepartment of Physics , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona 85287 , USAJonathan EcheversDepartment of Nuclear Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USAAli ElhadiDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USAJim A. EnriquezNew Uzbekistan University , Tashkent , UzbekistanMaryam H. EsmatDepartment of Physics and Astronomy , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , USAA. Gallo RossoAlbaNovaEleanor GrahamDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USAChloe GreensteinDepartment of Physics and Astronomy , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , USAJon E. GudmundssonScience Institute , University of Iceland , 107 Reykjavik , IcelandK. M. HeegerDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USAIshaan IyerDepartment of Nuclear Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USAHeather JacksonDepartment of Nuclear Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USAJunu JeongThe Oskar Klein Centre , Department of Physics , Stockholm University , AlbaNova , SE-10691 Stockholm , SwedenMichael J. JewellTyler JohnsonDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USAShriram JoisDepartment of Nuclear Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USAGagandeep KaurAlbaNovaClaire LaffanDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USAK. W. LehnertDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USASamantha M. LewisWellesley College , Wellesley , Massachusetts 02481 , USAJacob LindahlAlbaNovaReina H. MaruyamaPhilip MauskopfDepartment of Physics , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona 85287 , USAAndrew M. MeyerThe Oskar Klein Centre , Department of Physics , Stockholm University , AlbaNova , SE-10691 Stockholm , SwedenAlexander J. MillarFermi National Accelerator Laboratory , Batavia , Illinois 60510 , USAHiranya V. PeirisInstitute of Astronomy andJianyang QiThe Oskar Klein Centre , Department of Physics , Stockholm University , AlbaNova , SE-10691 Stockholm , SwedenE. P. RuddyDepartment of Physics , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , USAS. SahooDepartment of Nuclear Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USADenis SakhnoNew Uzbekistan University , Tashkent , UzbekistanMichael SekatchevDepartment of Nuclear Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USAMax Silva-FeaverDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USAShenyang ShiDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USAA. M. SindhwadDepartment of Nuclear Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USAGaganpreet SinghThe Oskar Klein Centre , Department of Physics , Stockholm University , AlbaNova , SE-10691 Stockholm , SwedenSukhman SinghDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USADanielle H. SpellerDepartment of Physics and Astronomy , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , USADajie SunDepartment of Nuclear Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USANoshin TabassumDepartment of Physics , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USAK. van BibberUC Santa BarbaraYongqi WangDepartment of Physics and Astronomy , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , USAFrank WilczekMackenzie WootenKavli Institute for Cosmology , University of Cambridge , Madingley Road , Cambridge , CB3 0HA , UKSabrina Zacarias

2026

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Annotatsiya

The axion is a well-motivated hypothetical particle capable of resolving both the strong CP problem and the dark matter mystery, with recent post-inflationary cosmological simulations favoring masses above 40 μeV. Plasma haloscopes serve as a promising experimental approach to reach theoretically preferred sensitivities in this mass range. ALPHA, hosted at Yale Wright Laboratory, is an international collaboration developing plasma haloscopes to search for QCD dark matter axions. In this letter we present the detailed design and sensitivity projection for the first phase of the ALPHA experiment, which will search the mass range from 10 GHz to 20 GHz (~40 μeV to 80 μeV). This search will make use of wire-array plasma resonators to decouple the physical size from the resonant frequency, a limitation typically faced by traditional microwave cavities, allowing broadband sensitivity approaching KSVZ coupling strengths.

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DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2608.10292

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