Comprehensive study of the physical-mechanical and microstructural properties of strengthening sedimentary soils based on stabilizers of various nature (mineral, organic polymer and nanomaterials)

Collapsible soils (loess-type soils) represent one of the major challenges in geotechnical engineering because they lose their structural stability and undergo significant deformation upon wetting. This paper presents a systematic review of the scientific literature on the principal stabilizers used for the chemical stabilization of collapsible soils. The effects of cement, lime, fly ash, rice husk ash, calcium carbide residue, sodium silicate-based stabilizers, synthetic polymers and nanomaterials on the physico-mechanical properties of soils were evaluated. Scientific publications indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases were selected and analyzed, and bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer software. The results indicate that mineral stabilizers significantly improve the compressive and shear strength of soils while reducing their plasticity and swelling potential. Organic polymers and biopolymers have proven to be promising materials for enhancing interparticle bonding, improving water resistance, and providing environmentally friendly stabilization. The application of nanomaterials was found to be highly effective in improving the microstructure and mechanical properties of soils. The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the advantages, limitations, and future development prospects of chemical stabilizers used for the stabilization of collapsible soils.

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