Modern magnetometric study of the earth’s magnetic field at geodynamic polygons in Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan is located in an active tectonic region of Central Asia where seismic events of various magnitudes regularly occur. The most active are Fergana valley, Tashkent region and southern regions of the country. years, the studies aiming to increase the accuracy of earthquake forecasting have increasingly employed a complex geophysical approach to seismic, geodynamical and geomagnetic methods. Among all these methods, magnetometric studies are particularly important because they allow us to identify very small variations in the Earth's natural magnetic field and these variations can be used as indicators of an impending seismic event. This article presents the results of stationary and repeated route magnetometric observations in 2025 at the Tashkent and Fergana geodynamic polygons. The analysis of the obtained data showed the significant magnetic anomalies observed before and after big earthquakes. These changes are related to the activity of aftershocks and processes of stress redistribution in local fault zones. In the regions of Nazarbek, Tovoksoy, Chimyon and Olay, where earthquakes are registered, it has been found that the disturbances of the magnetic field are directly related to the deformation processes of the earth's crust. Most of the cases such anomalies were observed at the distance of about 15–20 km from the epicenters of the earthquakes. The results suggest that some types of geomagnetic field variations, especially "bay"-shaped anomalies and slow variations of the intensity, can be important indicators for monitoring pre- and post-seismic conditions. Also, the study of spatial and temporal variations of magnetic field changes will help the better understanding of seismotectonic processes which take place in the active fault systems of Uzbekistan. In general, the use of magnetometric monitoring in the national systems of seismic hazard assessment can greatly enhance the measures of earthquake risk mitigation and population safety.

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