Study of local anomalous variations of the geomagnetic field in the context of earthquake forecasting

Analysis of geomagnetic studies related to earthquake forecasting reveals a complex relationship between local anomalous variations and seismicity, including both precursor anomalies and the absence of anomalies during strong earthquakes. This study focuses on local geomagnetic anomalies not associated with strong earthquakes or changes in seismicity within the Tashkent geodynamic polygon. Long-term results from 1974–2025 are presented based on repeated magnetic survey observations. According to the characteristics of local geomagnetic variations, observation points were divided into two groups forming two zones. The identified anomalies were compared with seismicity in the study area. The results show no correlation between released seismic energy and local geomagnetic anomalous variations within the identified zones. Similar local anomalous variations were previously detected within the Fergana geodynamic polygon, indicating that such anomalies are a real and repeatable phenomenon in Uzbekistan. These results represent the first stage of research aimed at determining the nature of these anomalous geomagnetic variations. Comprehensive geological and geophysical investigations are proposed to identify their sources and improve the reliability and accuracy of detecting geomagnetic precursor anomalies.

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