Comprehensive characterization of textile sludge: Physicochemical analysis and assessment of thermal treatment potential

This study presents a comprehensive physicochemical and mineralogical characterization of sludge generated from the dyeing unit of a textile wastewater treatment plant. Advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, were employed to investigate the elemental composition, crystalline phases, and organic functional groups in both untreated and thermally treated sludge samples. The results revealed high concentrations of calcium, iron, and silicon, with calcite and hematite identified as the predominant mineral phases. Thermal treatment at 700 °C significantly reduced the organic content and chlorine concentration, while enhancing the stability and concentration of refractory mineral components. FTIR analysis confirmed the degradation of organic pollutants and the preservation of thermally resistant inorganic structures. These findings highlight the potential for safe environmental reuse of textile sludge, particularly in the development of sustainable construction materials or geopolymer-based products.

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