ECOLOGICAL FEATURES OF NESTING AND INCUBATION OF THE BARN SWALLOW ( HIRUNDO RUSTICA L., 1758) IN THE SAMARKAND REGION

The study of the reproductive cycle of birds makes it possible to analyze their adaptations to nesting conditions and environmental factors. This study examines the nesting characteristics and incubation period of the Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica L., 1758) in the Samarkand Region. The research was conducted during the breeding season and included observations of clutch formation, incubation duration, and the main characteristics of eggs. Particular attention was paid to the timing of egg laying, clutch size, egg morphometric parameters, and changes in egg mass during the incubation period. Repeated measurements were used to track changes in egg mass from the beginning of incubation until hatching and to determine the pattern of mass loss during embryonic development. Hatching dates and incubation duration were also recorded. The obtained data characterize the reproductive cycle of Hirundo rustica and provide additional information on its breeding biology under the conditions of the Samarkand Region.

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