Iqlim o‘zgarishi va Orolbo‘yi ekologik tizimlarining transformatsiyasi: zamonaviy muammolar va ilmiy yechimlar

This article analyzes the transformation of the ecological systems of the Aral Sea region under the influence of climate change and anthropogenic factors. According to P. Micklin’s scientific review, the volume of water in the Aral Sea has decreased by approximately 90% since the 1960s (Micklin, 2007). According to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Aralkum Desert, covering approximately 5 million hectares, has formed on the dried seabed, of which 2.7 million hectares are located within Uzbekistan. According to World Bank reports, the area of the Aralkum Desert is estimated at 60,000 km². The article examines the problems of desertification, soil degradation, and the dispersion of dust and salt aerosols. It also substantiates priority measures for improving environmental monitoring and restoring degraded lands.

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