Modeling the Influence of Albedo on the Electrical Characteristics of Bifacial Photovoltaic Cells

This paper examines the effect of albedo on the electrical characteristics of a bifacial photovoltaic cell. Simulations were performed using a single-diode equivalent circuit with separate consideration of front and rear irradiance. Solcast meteorological data for 2025 were used for calculations, including GHI, DNI, DHI, albedo, zenith angle, and azimuth parameters. The results showed that an increase in albedo leads to an increase in short-circuit current due to additional rear surface irradiation. With an albedo change from$\rho=0$to$\rho=0.6$, an increase in short-circuit current of approximately 5% was observed. Seasonal analysis showed that the maximum bifacial gain values reach approximately 4.5% in winter due to increased surface reflectivity in the presence of snow cover, while in summer the bifacial gain decreases to 1-1.2% due to a decrease in surface albedo. The obtained results demonstrate the influence of albedo on the electrical performance of bifacial photovoltaic cells under real climatic conditions.

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