Distributed Ledger Model for Promoting Transparency and Sustainability in Supply Chain Operations

Supply chain sustainability governance fails when emissions data is self-reported, audit cycles are annual, and circular-economy material flows are untraceable-three structural failures that distributed ledger technology directly addresses. This paper proposes a Distributed Ledger Sustainability Model (DLSM) combining a Hyperledger Fabric carbon-tracking ledger, an AI-augmented supplier-verification engine, and an ESG compliance dashboard, deployed across 24 supply chain networks (FMCG$\mathrm{n}=9$, pharmaceutical$\mathrm{n}=8$, electronics$\mathrm{n}=7$) evaluating 3,600 sustainability governance decisions (2,700 training/900 test, 75/25 chronological split) backed by 18,000,000 on-chain sustainability transactions. The DLSM achieves governance accuracy of 0.884 against independent ESG auditor benchmarks, outperforming Blockchain-only$(0.764; +15.7 \%[(0.884-0.764)/0.764])$, rule-based compliance (0.684; +29.2%), and manual audit (0.524; +68.7% [(0.884-0.524)/0.524]). Deployment outcomes: 94.8% carbon traceability coverage, +48.4% supplier ESG compliance rate, +34.2% overall ESG score improvement, and 87.0% audit time reduction (18.4h → 2.4h). Sub-dimension performance: Carbon Tracking (F1 0.924), Supplier Verification (0.884), ESG Compliance (0.844), and Circular Economy Tracking (0.784). Cross-jurisdiction schema mismatch degrades accuracy to 0.784 (−11.3%) and SME adoption constraints to 0.724 (−18.1%), each with a deployed mitigation.

Hali tarjima qilinmagan