Distribution and ecological role of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Valenciennes, 1844) in natural water bodies of Karakalpakstan under conditions of progressive eutrophication and salinization

This paper investigates the bio-ecological parameters of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Valenciennes, 1844) populations in three major natural water bodies of the Karakalpakstan Republic (Sudoche, Jiltirbas, and Mo'ynoq Lakes) during 2023–2025. Field monitoring combined with standard hydrobiological and ichthyological methods was employed to assess phytoplankton biomass, ichthyomass contribution, mean body weight, and water mineralization across study sites. Results indicate a significant positive correlation between phytoplankton biomass and the proportional share of silver carp in total ichthyomass (r = 0.98, p < 0.05), confirming the species' role as a key bioregulatory agent in eutrophic conditions. The species demonstrates notable euryhalinity, maintaining viable populations at mineralization levels up to 10.4 g/L, consistent with findings reported for saline-alkaline cultivation environments in East Asia. These findings support the strategic expansion of silver carp introduction programs as a non-traditional biomanipulation measure for lake ecosystem restoration in the Aral Sea region.

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