Influence of long-range effects on the transverse localization of electrons above a helium film

The behavior of an external electron above a dipolarly electrified helium film is theoretically investigated. It is shown that, even when the polarization effects are neglected, an infinite plane of dipoles attracts an external electron if the negative charges are closer to the electron than the positive ones. It is concluded that the concentration of surface electrons above a helium film covering a metallic plate can attain a critical (maximum) value even in the case of zero potential of the plate. It is also shown that, under realistic experimental conditions, because of the long-range nature of the interaction potentials, the transverse localization of an electron above a helium film covering a solid substrate is to a large extent due to the image forces exerted on the electron by all the neighboring electrons. The effective clamping field acting on the individual electrons is computed.

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