Ions in superfluid 3He–4He solutions

The earlier data on the mobility of positive and negative ions in 3He–4He solutions are analyzed for a wide range of temperatures and 3He concentrations. The most typical peculiarities of ion transfer in the solutions are established. It is shown that the radius R+ of positive ions, determined from the mobility of ions in the hydrodynamic region slightly increases with decreasing temperatures, passes through a peak at T ≲ Tλ, and then starts decreasing; the value of R+ also decreases with increasing concentration of the solution. It is found that the mobility of positive ions in the kinetic region, which is determined by scattering at 3He atoms, decreases at relatively high temperatures due to the localization of rotons near an ion as a result of a decrease in the roton energy gap and an increase in the effective cross section of scattering by the 3He impurity. At low temperatures, the mobility of negative ions corrsponding to the same concentration decreases with decreasing temperature and with increasing concentration due to a decrease in the range of scattering of a negative ion at the 3He impurity as a result of the condensation of several layers of 3He atoms on the surface of an electron bubble.

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