Surface ferroelectricity and linear magnetoelectric effect in centrosymmetric magnets

The existence of electric polarization and the linear magnetoelectric effect (LMEE) near the surface of a magnet of arbitrary symmetry in the magnetically ordered state is predicted. These phenomena are due to a change in the exchange energy and magnetic moment near the surface and can be described by a magnetoelectric energy of the form P(dM2/dn), where n is the normal to the crystal surface. The induced electric polarization and the LMEE susceptibility are calculated for a centrosymmetric ferromagnetic film.

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