Directed and elliptic flow of charged pions and protons in Pb+Pb collisions at 40A and 158AGeV
C. AltFachbereich Physik der Universita ¨t , Frankfurt , GermanyT. AnticicRudjer Boskovic Institute , Zagreb , CroatiaB. BaatarJoint Institute for Nuclear Research , Dubna , RussiaD. BarnaHungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, HungaryJ. BartkeInstitute of Nuclear Physics , Cracow , PolandM. BehlerFachbereich Physik der Universita ¨t , Marburg , GermanyL. BetevGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyH. BiałkowskaInstitute for Nuclear Studies , Warsaw , PolandA. BillmeierCharles University, Prague, CzechiaC. BlumeGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyB. BoimskaInstitute for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, PolandNicolas BorghiniUniversite ´Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels , BelgiumM. BotjeNIKHEF , Amsterdam , NetherlandsJ. BraciníkComenius University , Bratislava , SlovakiaR. BrammGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyR. BrunCERN , Geneva , SwitzerlandP. BunčićEuropean Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, SwitzerlandV. ČernýComenius University , Bratislava , SlovakiaO. ChválaInstitute of Particle and Nuclear Physics , Charles University , Prague , Czech RepublicG.E. CooperLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California , USAJ. G. CramerUniversity of Washington, Seattle, United StatesP. CsatóHungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, HungaryP. M. DinhCEA Paris-SaclayP. DinkelakerGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyV. EckardtMax Planck Institute of PsychiatryP. FilipMax Planck Institute of PsychiatryZ. FodorKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics , Budapest , HungaryP. FokaGSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, Darmstadt, GermanyP. FreundMax Planck Institute of PsychiatryV. FrieseFachbereich Physik der Universita ¨t , Marburg , GermanyJ. GálHungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, HungaryM. GaździckiGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyG. GeorgopoulosAthens University of Economics and BusinessE. GładyszPolish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, PolandS. HegyiKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics , Budapest , HungaryC. HöhnePhilipps University of Marburg, Marburg, GermanyP. JacobsLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California , USAK. KadijaRudjer Boskovic Institute , Zagreb , CroatiaA. KarevMax Planck Institute of PsychiatryS. KniegeGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyВ. И. КолесниковJoint Institute for Nuclear Research , Dubna , RussiaT. KolleggerGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyR. KorusS ´wietokrzyska Academy , Kielce , PolandM. KowalskiInstitute of Nuclear Physics , Cracow , PolandI. KrausGSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, Darmstadt, GermanyM. KrepsComenius University , Bratislava , SlovakiaM. van LeeuwenNIKHEF , Amsterdam , NetherlandsP. LévaiHungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, HungaryA. MalakhovJoint Institute for Nuclear Research , Dubna , RussiaC. MarkertGSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, Darmstadt, GermanyB. MayesUniversity of Houston , Houston , Texas , USAG. L. MelkumovJoint Institute for Nuclear Research , Dubna , RussiaC. MeurerGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyA. MischkeGesellschaft fu ¨r Schwerionenforschung (GSI) , Darmstadt , GermanyM. MitrovskiGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyJ. MolnárHungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, HungaryStanisław MrówczyńskiJan Kochanowski University, Kielce, PolandG. OdyniecLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California , USAJean-Yves OllitraultCEA Paris-SaclayG. PállaHungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, HungaryA. D. PanagiotouNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceK. PerlInstitute for Experimental Physics , University of Warsaw , Warsaw , PolandA. PetridisNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceM. PiknaComenius University , Bratislava , SlovakiaL. PinskyUniversity of Houston , Houston , Texas , USAA. M. PoskanzerLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California , USAF. PühlhoferPhilipps University of Marburg, Marburg, GermanyJ. G. ReidSeattle UniversityR. RenfordtGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyW. RetykInstitute for Experimental Physics , University of Warsaw , Warsaw , PolandH. G. RitterLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California , USAC. RolandMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United StatesG. RolandMIT , Cambridge , Massachusetts , USAM. RybczyńskiJan Kochanowski University, Kielce, PolandA. RybickiCERN , Geneva , SwitzerlandA. SandovalGesellschaft fu ¨r Schwerionenforschung (GSI) , Darmstadt , GermanyH. SannGSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, Darmstadt, GermanyN. SchmitzMax-Planck-Institut fu ¨r Physik , Munich , GermanyP. SeybothMax Planck Institute of PsychiatryF. SiklérHungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, HungaryB. SitárComenius University , Bratislava , SlovakiaE. SkrzypczakInstitute for Experimental Physics , University of Warsaw , Warsaw , PolandR. J. M. SnellingsLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California , USAG. StefanekJan Kochanowski University, Kielce, PolandR. StockGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyH. StröbeleGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyT. ŠušaRudjer Boskovic Institute , Zagreb , CroatiaI. SzentpéteryHungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, HungaryJ. SziklaiHungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, HungaryT. A. TrainorSeattle UniversityD. VargaHungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, HungaryM. VassiliouAthens University of Economics and BusinessG. I. VeresKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics , Budapest , HungaryG. VesztergombiKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics , Budapest , HungaryS. A. VoloshinWayne State University , Detroit , Michigan , USAD. VranićGesellschaft fu ¨r Schwerionenforschung (GSI) , Darmstadt , GermanyA. WetzlerGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyZ. Włodarczyk2P-Info (Poland)I.-K. YooGesellschaft fu ¨r Schwerionenforschung (GSI) , Darmstadt , GermanyJ. ZaranekFachbereich Physik der Universita ¨t , Frankfurt , Germany
2003lv
ABI
Annotatsiya
Directed and elliptic flow measurements for charged pions and protons are reported as a function of transverse momentum, rapidity, and centrality for $40A$ and $158A\mathrm{GeV}$ $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions, as recorded by the NA49 detector. Both the standard method of correlating particles with an event plane and the cumulant method of studying multiparticle correlations are used. In the standard method the directed flow is corrected for conservation of momentum. In the cumulant method elliptic flow is reconstructed from genuine four-, six-, and eight-particle correlations, showing the first unequivocal evidence for collective motion in $A+A$ collisions at SPS energies.
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