HIV Vaccine efficacy trial: Glimmers of hope and the potential role of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity

The partial efficacy of the recent HIV-1 vaccine trial in Thailand has rejuvenated the HIV vaccine field. There are now clear opportunities to dissect the potential correlates of protection against HIV-1. Comparisons of three major HIV-1 vaccine strategies used in human efficacy trials to date highlight a possible role for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicty (ADCC), rather than cytotoxic T lymphocyte or neutralizing antibody responses, in protective immunity. This review explores the HIV vaccine efficacy trials performed to date and the potential role for ADCC antibodies in assisting protective immunity.

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