BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF RICE SOILS AND ITS REGULATION

The article discusses ways to improve the methodology of the optimal biological activity of rice soils, the process of soil formation of rice fields is characterized by a sharp change in the period of complete flooding of fields during the growing season of rice, the period of drying in the autumn and spring months. This causes a periodic change in aerobic and anaerobic microbiological processes. Periodic flooding and optimal soil moisture creates a unique atmosphere in the soil. A characteristic difference between flooded soils and ordinary soils is the anaerobic environment and lack of oxygen. This feature is reflected in the development of various groups of soil micro flora and, in particular, anaerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria are intensively developing in such soils. In flooded soils, aerobic micro flora after exhaustion of oxygen gives way to anaerobic, which, in the presence of a sufficient amount of organic substances, is a reducing environment with a sharp oxygen deficiency. The rate of development of recovery processes under rice can be judged by the amount of oxygen required for soil oxidation, the accumulation of iron and hydrogen sulfide.

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