REGIONAL ANALGESIA METHODS FOR TRAUMA PATIENTS
Annotatsiya
Introduction. Trauma patients are a special group in which pain control is often a challenge for the anesthetist and resuscitator. In recent years, the role of regional anesthesia in the anesthesia of patients with injuries has been growing and the methods of regional blockades have been improved. Aim. Analysis of scientific medical literature on the pain relief of patients with traumatic injuries. Material and methods. The review and analysis of modern scientific data about the problem of pain relief in patients with trauma in the search databases PubMed and Google Scholar is carried out. Results and discussion. Multimodal anesthesia consisting of ultrasound guided regional anesthesia methods contributes to better pain relief. Good quality pain relief for traumatic injuries reduces the body's stress response to trauma, reduces the opioid consumption and consequently their side effects, significantly reduces the risk of development of chronic pain and improves the quality of life. Therefore, today, regional anesthesia methods are integrated into the protocols of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS). This review highlights the literature data on the possibilities of using current regional anesthesia methods for injuries, in particular, combined and multiple traumas. The advantages and disadvantages of various regional blocks in trauma patients are described. Along with the methods of regional anesthesia of the extremities, relatively new methods of fascial blocks which are successfully used for anesthesia of the chest and abdomen are discussed. Conclusion. Personalized multimodal pain therapy aimed at the area of injury using ultrasound navigation is a promising direction in the treatment of pain in trauma patients.