Spontaneous scalarization
Daniela D. DonevaFaculty of Physics, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, BulgariaFethi M. RamazanoğluFaculty of Physics, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, BulgariaHector O. SilvaINRNE -Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, BulgariaThomas P. SotiriouINRNE -Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, BulgariaStoytcho S. YazadjievFaculty of Physics, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Scalarization is a mechanism that endows strongly self-gravitating bodies, such as neutron stars and black holes, with a scalar-field configuration. It resembles a phase transition in that the scalar configuration appears only when a certain quantity that characterizes the compact object, for example, its compactness or spin, is beyond a threshold. A critical and comprehensive review of scalarization, including the mechanism itself, theories that exhibit it, its manifestation in neutron stars, black holes and their binaries, potential extension to other fields, and a thorough discussion of future perspectives, is provided.
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