A Halide‐Based Perovskite CsGeX₃ (X = Cl, Br, and I) for Optoelectronic and Piezoelectric Applications

Abstract By means of the study of the first principles within the framework of density functional theory, the inorganic metal halide perovskite CsGeX 3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) is thoroughly investigated for its potential application in the field of green energy harvest. The structural, electronic, optical, mechanical, and piezoelectric properties have been calculated. Herein, the computed electronic properties reveal a direct bandgap semiconducting nature with electronic bandgap E = 2.01, 1.38, and 0.85 eV for X = Cl, Br, and I, respectively. Since the most prominent absorption peak falls within the vis–UV region, this implies that they are the potential candidates for photovoltaic applications. To check and verify the thermal stability, the MD simulation was performed with time steps up to 5 ps. The highest piezoelectric coefficient values are 0.731, 1.829, and 12.48 C m −2 for X = Cl, Br, and I, respectively. The higher piezoelectric responses indicate the signature of the efficient energy materials for energy harvest through electromechanical processes.

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