Association of depression and anxiety with diabetes mellitus and asthma among adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 2022

Background: Depression is a mood disorder that affects the daily functions negatively, while anxiety disorders are the most commonly diagnosed mental disorders.Increased blood pressure, palpitations, hyperglycemia and other chronic diseases and physiological imbalances can result from various psychiatric disorders.They can also predispose the patients to psychiatric illnesses.This study aims to assess the relationship between Psychological Disorders, Diabetes Mellitus and Asthma among adults in Saudi Arabia in 2022.Methods: A cross-sectional study, targeted adults in a sample of 304 adults.Through paper-based questionnaires using Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) in Arabic and English languages.Data cleared, coded and entered using Statistical Package for Social Science and Microsoftoffice Excel.Results: Out of 304 participants, 3.3% were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 10.2% were diagnosed with asthma.In the anxiety section of HADS, 1% of diabetic patients had borderline abnormal results while 0.7% had abnormal results (p=0.73).For asthma patients, 1.3% had borderline abnormal results and 3.3% had abnormal results (p=0.45).In the depression section of the HADS, 2.6% of asthmatic patients had borderline abnormal results and 1% had abnormal results (p=0.69).Diabetic patients had 0.7% borderline abnormal results and 0% abnormal (p=19).Conclusion: The number of participants diagnosed with asthma or DM in our study was limited, therefore, results were not statistically significant and a clear relationship was difficult to establish.Further research on a much larger population is needed to find a definite relationship.

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