Study of the physical and chemical characteristics of soils in Karakalpakstan

This study presents a comparative analysis of the chemical and mineralogical properties of soils from two different regions: Amudarya and Karauzyak regions. The article is based on a detailed study and comparison of the main constituent elements such as carbonates, chlorides, sulfates, metal ions and organic components in different soil layers. It was found that the soils of both regions show signs of increasing salinity and acidity with depth, with more pronounced indicators in the Karauzyak region. The influence of these factors on soil agrochemical properties and fertility potential is discussed in relation to cation exchange capacity measurements.The results highlight the need for careful planning of management and agricultural strategies, tailored to the specific conditions of each area, to maintain and improve soil health. Recommendations for the treatment and use of these lands can help improve their productivity and resistance to degradation.

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