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Evaluation of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for nutritional and trace elemental mapping in Otostegia limbata medicinal plant

Faisal Waheed KhanDepartment of Physics, King Abdullah Campus, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Azad Kashmir, PakistanRajwali KhanNational Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address: [email protected]Nasar AhmedDepartment of Physics, King Abdullah Campus, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Electronic address: [email protected]Muhammad Tahir SaddiqueDepartment of Physics, King Abdullah Campus, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Azad Kashmir, PakistanRizwan TajDepartment of Botany, King Abdullah Campus, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Azad Kashmir, PakistanSherzod AbdullaevSenior Researcher, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Senior Researcher, Scientific and Innovation Department, Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami, Tashkent, UzbekistanSattam Al OtaibiDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaKhaled AlthubeitiDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. BOX. 110, 21944 Taif, Saudi ArabiaShahid IqbalDepartment of Physics, University of Wisconsin, La Crosse, WI 54601, USA

Spectrochimica Acta Part A Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopyjournal2025en

ABI

Annotatsiya

Medicinal plants have been an essential source of indigenous medicines and continue to play a vital role in pharmaceutical industries. Comprehensive knowledge of their elemental composition is crucial, as these elements significantly influence metabolic and physiological processes. The current investigation focuses on the compositional analysis of the Otostegia limbata (OL-MP), a medicinal plant, using the fast and efficient Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) technique. Four major parts of the plant, root, bark, leaves, and flowers, along with surrounding soil samples, were analyzed. Twelve elements, including Ca, Mg, Al, K, Sr, Ba, Fe, Ti, Cr, Mn, Li, and Na, were detected with varying concentrations across the samples. Plasma temperature and electron number density were estimated using the Boltzmann plot method and Stark broadening parameter, yielding values of approximately (10,000 ± 1000 K) and (1.31 ± 1.00 × 10 17 cm −3 ), respectively. Compositional analysis was conducted using Calibration-Free LIBS (CF-LIBS), which revealed high concentrations of silicon (22.8 %) and calcium (13.5 %) in the soil. In plant tissues, calcium was predominant, with roots containing 34.7 % calcium and 18.5 % iron; bark exhibiting elevated calcium (24.11 %), potassium (19.38 %), and iron (16.38 %); leaves rich in calcium (30.6 %) and barium (20.3 %); and flowers showing the highest calcium content at 34.9 %, highlighting its key role in reproductive structures. The accuracy of the proposed method was comparable to that of advanced laboratory equipment, with detected elemental concentrations found to be below toxic thresholds. This comprehensive, non-destructive analytical approach demonstrates potential for direct toxicity monitoring and quality assurance in homeopathic and pharmaceutical applications. • Otostegia limbata's elemental composition analyzed using LIBS technique. • Plasma temperature measured around 10,000 K using Boltzmann plot method. • Electron density estimated at ~1.3 × 10 17 cm −3 via Stark broadening. • Calibration-Free LIBS enabled accurate, non-destructive compositional analysis. • Soil showed high silicon (22.8 %) and calcium (13.5 %) concentrations. • Roots rich in calcium (34.7 %) and iron (18.5 %) for metabolic functions.

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Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma Heavy Metals in Plants Mineralogy and Gemology Studies

Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.126645

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