LARYNGOPHARYNGEAL REFLUX AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH CHRONIC HYPERPLASTIC LARYNGITIS
Annotatsiya
Relevance. Chronic hyperplastic laryngitis (CHL) is one of the most common pathologies of the larynx, affecting up to 10% of patients with ENT diseases. In 5% of cases, it precedes the development of laryngeal cancer, making early diagnosis and timely treatment critical criteria for preventing malignant transformation of tissues. The main risk factors for CHL have been described, including smoking, alcohol consumption, exposure to carcinogenic substances, and chronic inflammatory processes of the upper respiratory tract. A review of modern diagnostic methods for laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), such as 24-hour pH monitoring, multichannel impedance analysis, and salivary pepsin testing, has been conducted. Data on the impact of LPR on vocal function, including increased acoustic and aerodynamic disturbances in patients with chronic inflammatory laryngeal diseases, are presented. The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) on the development of chronic hyperplastic laryngitis (CHL) and precancerous conditions of the larynx, as well as to evaluate modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. Results of the study. Chronic hyperplastic laryngitis (CHL) is a pathological process characterized by hyperplasia of the laryngeal mucosa and changes in its structure, creating favorable conditions for tissue malignancy. Conclusion. Modern diagnostic methods (pH-impedance monitoring, pepsin analysis, videolaryngostroboscopy) play a key role in identifying LPR, but there is still no single gold standard for diagnosis, which complicates the diagnosis and choice of treatment strategy.