Beyond the virus: Systematic review and meta-analysis on impact of physical exercises on chikungunya sequelae of pain to functional restoration

BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection often results in persistent sequelae, including chronic pain and functional limitations, significantly impacting quality of life. Physical exercise is a potential intervention, but its efficacy remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of physical exercises on chikungunya sequelae, focusing on pain reduction and functional restoration. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of electronic databases (including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) for last 10 years. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies assessing the effects of physical exercise interventions on pain and functional outcomes in individuals with chikungunya sequelae were included. Data extraction encompassed study characteristics, intervention details, and outcome measures. RESULTS: A total of eight studies, involving 307 participants with mean age of 46.17±11.27 years met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis revealed that physical exercise interventions significantly reduced pain levels compared to control groups (p<0.05). Furthermore, physical exercise demonstrated a significant improvement in functional outcomes (p<0.05). Subgroup analyses indicated potential variations in effect sizes based on exercise type, duration, and intensity. INTERPRETATION CONCLUSION: Physical exercise interventions are effective in reducing pain and improving functional outcomes in individuals with chikungunya sequelae. These findings support the integration of structured exercise programs into the rehabilitation management of CHIKV-related chronic conditions. Further research is warranted to optimize exercise protocols for specific patient populations and long-term benefits.

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