Molecular Analysis of <i>Harpalus rufipes</i> De Geer (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Harpalus rufipes De Geer (Coleoptera: Carabidae) is a widespread ground beetle in Uzbekistan and plays an important ecological role in agroecosystems. In this study, 24 mitochondrial COI (mtCO1) sequences (659 bp) were analyzed, revealing a high level of genetic diversity (h = 0.996; π = 0.079). A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the maximum likelihood method, identifying two major clades and several internal subclades, with the Uzbek specimen forming a distinct monophyletic clade. Genetic distances estimated under the Kimura 2-parameter model were minimal within H. rufipes (0.0-0.2%), while interspecific distances ranged between 4.5-7.0%. These results provide important insights into the molecular-genetic characteristics and population-level evolution of H. rufipes.

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