Impact of Voltage Unbalance on Distribution Transformer Efficiency under Asymmetric and PV-Integrated Loads

This study presents an in-depth analysis of voltage unbalance phenomena in 10(6)/0.4 kV distribution transformers based on real-time measurements conducted in the Fergana region of Uzbekistan. The research identifies the primary causes of voltage unbalance, including uneven phase loading, the integration of single-phase solar inverters, and discrepancies in motor winding resistances due to aging and repairs. Field measurements from various districts highlight the prevalence and severity of voltage unbalance, with some transformers exceeding the permissible limits defined by GOST standards. The impact of this condition on power quality, energy losses, and transformer efficiency is thoroughly examined. Additionally, the study quantifies the financial implications associated with transformer failures resulting from prolonged voltage unbalance. The findings emphasize the urgent need for coordinated phase management strategies, especially in the integration of distributed renewable energy sources, to enhance the reliability and efficiency of low-voltage power distribution networks.

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