THE DIVISION OF TURKESTAN INTO KHANATES

The article on “The Division of Turkestan into Khanates” covers a crucial period in Central Asian history, spanning from the early 16th century to the 19th century. It analyzes the disintegration of the unitary Shaybanid state founded by Muhammad Shaybanikhan, leading to the fragmentation of Turkestan due to feudal disunity, internal conflicts, and external threats (such as wars with the Safavids). This process resulted in the formation of three independent khanates: the Bukhara Khanate, the Khiva Khanate, and the Kokand Khanate. The article examines the formation of these khanates, dynastic changes (Shaybanids, Ashtarkhanids, Manghits, Kongrats, and others), their economic and social life, cultural achievements, as well as the negative consequences of this division—economic decline, constant wars, and the creation of conditions for the Russian Empire's conquest. At the same time, it highlights the positive aspects of the development of Uzbek statehood and culture during the khanate period. The article is based on historical sources (such as “Abdullanoma” and “Shajarai Turk”) and modern research, providing an objective assessment of the complexity of this era in the history of the Uzbek people. It encompasses the essence of the topic, giving readers a general overview and briefly outlining key facts.

Hali tarjima qilinmagan