Spatial analysis of lineament structures and vegetation changes in the Shurtan gas field

The Shurtan Mining Complex, located within the Beshkent Depression in southern Uzbekistan, is one of the largest natural gas production centers in the country. The geological activity of the region, combined with intensive exploitation of the field, necessitates comprehensive monitoring to assess geodynamic processes and associated environmental risks. The objective of this study was to identify spatiotemporal patterns of structural activity and vegetation cover using satellite methods. The analysis was performed based on Landsat-8 multispectral images (L2 processing level) for 2022, 2023 and 2024. Lineament analysis and normalized vegetation index (NDVI) calculation methods were applied. The results showed an increase in the density of linear structures in 2023, followed by localization of lineament anomalies in 2024. The predominance of the north-eastern orientation of lineaments was established, reflecting the regional stress field, and west-east elements potentially associated with hydrocarbon traps were identified. The NDVI analysis revealed vegetation degradation in lineament intersection zones and near active production areas. Comparison with the operational pressure map showed spatial coincidence of NDVI reduction areas, high lineament density, and anthropogenic load. These results confirm that satellite monitoring can serve as an effective tool for assessing geodynamic instability and diagnosing environmental impacts of field development. The proposed approach can be useful for drilling planning, improving infrastructure safety, and reducing risks in gas producing areas.

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