YIELD AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF THREE SMALL GRAIN FORAGES FROM AUTUMN-WINTER, ALONE AND IN MIXTURES, IN NORTHERN COAHUILA

The experiment was conducted during the 2017/18 fall-winter growing season to evaluate the effect of three small--grain fall-winter forage crops--in monoculture and in mixture on the availability of timely forage, production period, dry matter yield, and nutritional value of the forage.The study consisted of five treatments with the following densities: T1: Avena Tamo 397 (100 kg ha⁻¹ ), T2: Wheat Coahuila S-92 (100 kg ha⁻¹ ), T3: Ryegrass (35 kg ha⁻¹ ), T4: Oats 50 kg ha⁻¹ + Ryegrass 17.5 kg ha⁻¹ , T5: Wheat 50 kg ha⁻¹ + Ryegrass 17.5 kg ha⁻¹ ; conducted in a randomized block design with four replicates.There was no difference (p<0.05) in plant height at first cut between treatments.The first cut was obtained at 45 days.On average, 5 cuts and 159 days of production were obtained.The analysis reported differences (P< 0.05) in dry matter (DM) yield.Ryegrass with the highest yield, 14.97 t DM ha -1 , was equal (p<0.05) to mixtures, oats + ryegrass and wheat + ryegrass with 14.27 and 13.47 t DM ha -1 , respectively.The increase compared to oats was 16.11 and 5%.Oats alone and the oats + ryegrass mixture provided higher DM yield in the first and second cuts.The contribution of ryegrass in mixture with oats in the first and second cuts (27:73% and 31:69%) and with wheat (42:58% and 68:32%), respectively.The yield of PC, NDT, and DMS was higher in ryegrass and similar to the wheat + ryegrass and oats + ryegrass mixture with a PC range (2,339 to 2,159 kg ha ⁻¹ ).NDT (10,566 to 9,288 kg ha⁻¹ ) and MSD (13,991 to 12,618 kg ha⁻¹ ).These results suggest that to obtain timely forage, a longer production period, higher DM yield, and nutritional yield, mixtures and ryegrass monoculture are the best options.

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