Behavior of macro and micro elements in contaminated Sorghum spp. during preparation for Zn extraction

In this paper, the behavior of macro and micro elements in the biomass of sorghum (Sorghum spp.) contaminated with metals was examined for the preparation of zinc extraction. The plant material, originating from the site polluted by sediment from the Begey Canal (Republic of Serbia), was subjected to thermal treatment at 400-600 °C for 120-360 minutes to analyze changes in metal concentrations. After burning, the ash was washed in distilled water in two cycles to monitor the behavior of the elements in the water environment. The results showed an average loss of biomass of about 90%, with an increase in Zn concentrations up to 19 times compared to the initial values in dry biomass. The highest concentration of Zn (≈ 1100 mg/kg) was reached at 500 °C for 360 min, while Fe and Cu reached the lowest values under the same conditions. EDS and XRD analyzes confirmed that KCl is the dominant phase in the ash, which dissolves during washing together with K2SO4. The obtained results indicate that appropriate preparations of Sorghum biomass can significantly improve the valorization process of zinc from non-hyperaccumulating plants.

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