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A 500-m Annual Raster Dataset of Ecosystem Quality Index (EQI) in China since 2000

Jia, XiangInstitute of Geographical Sciences, Henan Academy of SciencesSanjun YinHenan Forestry Resources Monitoring InstituteDanni HeInstitute of Geographical Sciences, Henan Academy of SciencesXiaoli ZhangBeijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry UniversityLingting LeiInstitute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of ForestryGuoqi ChaiInstitute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of ForestryXin TianChinese Academy of ForestryShuangquan LiInstitute of Geographical Sciences, Henan Academy of SciencesShike QiuKey Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems in Henan ProvinceRan WangHenan Provincial Forestry Ecological Construction and Development CenterJun DuInstitute of Geographical Sciences, Henan Academy of SciencesJingxu WangInstitute of Geographical Sciences, Henan Academy of Sciences
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Overview: This dataset provides an annual series of the Ecosystem Quality Index (EQI) for China since 2000 at a spatial resolution of 500 meters. The EQI is a comprehensive metric used to assess the overall health and integrity of terrestrial ecosystems. Methodology: The dataset is developed in strict accordance with the Technical Specification for Investigation and Assessment of National Ecological Status—Ecosystem Quality Assessment (HJ 1172-2021) issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China. The index is synthesized from three key ecological indicators derived from MODIS products (MOD13A1, MOD15A2H, and MOD17A3HGF): Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC): Calculated using a dimidiate pixel model based on NDVI. Leaf Area Index (LAI): High-quality annual composites with cloud and aerosol filtering. Gross Primary Productivity (GPP): Annual accumulated organic carbon fixation. All indicators were normalized and integrated via the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The EQI values range from 0 to 100, where higher values indicate superior ecosystem quality. Technical Specifications: Spatial Resolution: 500 m Temporal Coverage: since 2000 (Annual) Geographic Extent: Entire mainland China Data Format: GeoTIFF (.tif) Coordinate System: WGS 84

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